Genesis 18
18
1Ignore this; ensuring everything follows a verse.
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16The Lord has made himself known;
he has executed justice,#Is 56:1
snaring the wicked
by the work of their hands.#Ps 3:7; Is 11:4Higgaion. Selah
342 MRK 16:8 1713 para(pc)|note(f)|char(ft)|char(em)|STRING
8They went out and ran from the tomb,#Jn 5:28 because trembling and astonishment overwhelmed them. And they said nothing to anyone,#Mk 1:44; 4:40 since they were afraid.
[Some of the earliest mss conclude with 16:8.]#16:8 Other mss include vv. 9–20 as a longer ending. The following shorter ending is found in some mss between v. 8 and v. 9 and in one ms after v. 8 (each of which omits vv. 9–20): And all that had been commanded to them they quickly reported to those around Peter. After these things, Jesus himself sent out through them from east to west, the holy and imperishable proclamation of eternal salvation. Amen.
The Longer Ending of Mark: Appearances of the Risen Lord
343 1CH 8:14 1713 para(li1)|note(f)|char(ft)|char(fv)|STRING
12Elpaal’s sons: Eber, Misham, and Shemed who built Ono and Lod and its surrounding villages, 13Beriah and Shema, who were the family heads of Aijalon’s residents and who drove out the residents of Gath, 14Ahio,#8:13–14 LXX reads Gath 14 and their brother Shashak, and Jeremoth.
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1Ein Lied von David, mit einem tief gestimmten#6,1 Oder: achtsaitigen. – Das hebräische Wort ist nicht sicher zu deuten. So auch in Psalm 12,1. Saiteninstrument zu begleiten.
345 2CO 5:13 73 para(p)|note(f)|char(ft)|char(add)|STRING
12Das sage ich nun wirklich nicht, um für mich selbst zu werben. Ich will euch nur ein paar Gründe nennen, warum ihr stolz auf mich sein dürft. Dann könnt ihr sie denen entgegenhalten, für die äußere Vorzüge wichtiger sind als innere Überzeugung. 13Manche werfen uns vor, wir hätten uns bei euch so verhalten, als hätten wir den Verstand verloren. Wenn das der Fall war, geschah es zur Ehre Gottes.#5,13 Oder: Wenn wir, ergriffen von Gottes Geist, in Ekstase geraten, geschieht es zur Ehre Gottes. Und wenn wir jetzt bei klarem Verstand sind, dann kommt das euch zugute.
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13Für euch aber, vom Herrn geliebte Brüder und Schwestern, können wir Gott immer nur danken. Er hat euch von Anfang an dazu bestimmt, gerettet zu werden.#2,13 Oder nach anderen Handschriften: Er hat euch dazu bestimmt, die Erstlingsfrucht seiner neuen Schöpfung zu sein und gerettet zu werden. – Die Erstlingsfrüchte sind u.a. die ersten reifen Feldfrüchte. Sie wurden Gott geweiht. Zugleich sprechen sie von der Gewissheit, dass die volle Ernte bald eingebracht werden kann. Vgl. 3. Mose 23,10‒11. Und das werdet ihr, weil sein Geist euch hilft, ein Leben nach Gottes Willen zu führen, und weil ihr an die Wahrheit glaubt. 14Dazu seid ihr von Gott berufen durch die rettende Botschaft, die wir euch gebracht haben. Ihr sollt an der Herrlichkeit unseres Herrn Jesus Christus teilhaben. 15Bleibt also standhaft, liebe Brüder und Schwestern. Haltet euch an die Überlieferungen, die wir euch mündlich und schriftlich gelehrt haben.
347 2SA 23:27 73 para(li)|note(f)|char(ft)|char(xt)|ref(None)|STRING
27Abiëser aus Anatot;
Sibbechai#23,27 So nach 1. Chronik 11,29 und der griechischen Übersetzung. Im hebräischen Text lautet der Name Mebunnai. aus Huscha;
348 2CO 1:22 1849 para(p)|note(f)|char(it)|STRING
21Now, it is God himself who has anointed us. And he is constantly strengthening both you and us in union with Christ. 22He knows we are his since he has also stamped his seal of love # 1:22 The Greek word for seal is sphragizō. God has sealed believers with a seven-fold seal: (1) a seal of security, sealed tightly and kept secure in God’s love (Deut. 32:34; Job 14:17; Matt. 27:66), (2) a seal of authentication that marks us as God’s very own (1 Kings 21:8; Est. 8:10; John 6:27), (3) a seal to certify genuineness (Est. 8:8, 10; John 3:33), (4) a seal of ownership (Neh. 10:1; Jer. 32:44; 2 Cor. 1:22), (5) a seal of approval (Eph. 1:13–14), (6) a seal of righteousness (Rom. 4:11), and (7) a seal denoting a promise to be fulfilled (2 Cor. 5:5; Eph. 1:13–14; 4:30). The mark given by the beast is upon the forehead and hand, but the “seal” of Christ is over our hearts. Jesus, our Bridegroom, invites us to place him over our hearts like a fiery seal of love, the jealous flame of God that burns continually in our hearts (Song. 8:6). We are born of the Spirit, sealed with the Spirit, indwelt by the Spirit, baptized in the Spirit, filled with the Spirit, made one (unity) in the Spirit, given gifts of the Spirit, and given ministries by the Spirit. He is a promise, a seal, and a guarantee of receiving our full inheritance. The Greek word for “down payment” is arrabōn and is used in Greek culture for “engagement ring.” Notice in vv. 21–22 that the Trinity (Father, Son, and Holy Spirit) is involved in bringing all this to pass. over our hearts and has given us the Holy Spirit like an engagement ring is given to a bride—a down payment of the blessings to come!
A Change in Paul’s Travel Plans
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1Now, since we are God’s coworkers, we beg you not to take God’s marvelous grace for granted, allowing it to have no effect on your lives. # 6:1 Or “not to receive God’s grace in vain.” 2For he says,
I listened to you at the time of my favor.
And the day when you needed salvation,
I came to your aid. # 6:2 See Isa. 49:8.
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14And so the Living Expression
became a man # 1:14 Or “became visible.” and lived among us! # 1:14 Or “live within us.” This is the fulfillment of Isa. 7:14. The “God with us” is Jesus Christ our Immanuel. He is among us in that he is in human form, and is still in human form within the Trinity eternally. The Greek and Aramaic can be translated “he pitched his tent among us.” John’s wording takes us back into the book of Exodus where: (1) God came down and lived in the tent (tabernacle) in the wilderness (Ex. 25:8). (2) God revealed his glory in the pillar of fire and cloud (Ex. 40:38). (3) God identified himself as the One and Only (“I am Yahweh your God . . . You may have no gods other than me,” [Ex. 20:2; Deut. 6:4]). (4) God proclaimed his wrap-around love (Ex. 34:6).
We gazed upon his glory, # 1:14 The Aramaic is “We gazed upon his preciousness.” John gazed upon Jesus’ unveiled glory on the Mount of Transfiguration (Matt. 17:1–8).
the glory of the One and Only # 1:14 The Aramaic is “Unique and Beloved Son.” The Greek word, monogenes, means “of a single [mono] kind [genes].” This word is also used for Isaac in Heb. 11:17 as Abraham’s uniquely precious son, but not his only one.
who came from the Father overflowing
with tender mercy # 1:14 The Aramaic word, taybootha, means “loving kindness or goodness.” The Greek word is charis, which can also be translated, “grace, favor, sweetness, pleasure or delight.” This translation has combined all those concepts in the words tender mercy. Truly, Jesus Christ is full of everything that our hearts crave. and truth!
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2Listen to how they whisper their slander against me, saying:
“Look! He’s hopeless! Even God can’t save him from this!”
Pause in his presence # 3:2 This is the Hebrew word Selah, a puzzling word to translate. Most scholars believe it is a musical term for pause or rest. It is used seventy-one times in the Psalms as an instruction to the music leader to pause and ponder in God’s presence. An almost identical word, Sela, means “a massive rock cliff.” It is said that when Selah is spoken, the words are carved in stone in the throne room of the heavens.
The Help of God
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5We don’t preach ourselves, but rather the lordship of Jesus Christ, for we are your servants for Jesus’ sake. 6For God, who said,
“Let brilliant light shine out of darkness,” # 4:6 Paul helps us to understand that “light” is both literal and a metaphor for spiritual revelation, and shows that the creation narrative provides us with an allegory pointing to the experience of new birth in Christ. See Gen. 1:3; Isa. 9:2.
is the one who has cascaded his light into us—the brilliant dawning light of the glorious knowledge of God as we gaze into the face of Jesus Christ. # 4:6 Or “in the face-to-face presence of Christ.”
Treasure in Clay Jars
353 JHN 1:2 1849 para(q1)|note(f)|char(it)|STRING
2They were together—face-to-face, # 1:2 The Greek word used here and the Hebraic concept conveyed is that of being before God’s face. There is no Hebrew word for “presence” (i.e., the “presence” of God), only the word “face.” in the very beginning. # 1:2 Both Gen. 1:1 and John 1:1–2 speak of the beginning. In Genesis Moses spoke of the beginning of time, but John speaks of eternity past, a beginning before time existed. The Living Expression is Christ who existed eternally as part of the Trinity. He has no beginning, being one with the Father.
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5Jerusalem maidens, in this twilight darkness # 1:5 Or “black.” The Hebrew root word used here for “black” or “dark” means “twilight darkness” or “morning gray.”
I know I am so unworthy—so in need.
The Shepherd-King
Yet you are so lovely!
The Shulamite
I feel as dark and dry as the desert tents
of the wandering nomads. # 1:5 Literally “dark as the tent curtains of Kedar.” There is a wordplay in the Hebrew, as the word Kedar means “a dark one” or “a dark place.” This was the name of one of the sons of Ishmael and represents our old Adam-life. See Ps. 120:5.
The Shepherd-King
Yet you are so lovely—
like the fine linen tapestry hanging in the Holy Place.
The Shulamite to Her Friends
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17‘This is what I will do in the last days # 2:17 The New Testament term “the last days” began at Pentecost and extends until the return of Christ. We have technically been in “the last days” for over two thousand years. —I will pour out # 2:17 Or “gush forth,” or “run greedily.” The Aramaic can be translated “I will be splashing my Spirit-Wind over all flesh” (humanity). my Spirit on everybody and cause your sons and daughters to prophesy, and your young men will see visions, # 2:17 Or “divinely appointed appearances.” The Greek word for “visions,” horasis, can also mean “our eyes opened to have divine encounters and see into the spiritual realm.” These are not daydreams but visions of the heavenly realm. (See Strong’s Concordance, Gr. 3700 and 3706.) and your old men will experience dreams from God. # 2:17 This verse can be translated from the Aramaic as “Your grandparents shall see visions and your priests shall dream dreams.” 18The Holy Spirit will come upon all my servants, men and women alike, and they will prophesy. 19I will reveal startling signs and wonders in the sky above and mighty miracles on the earth below. Blood and fire and pillars of clouds # 2:19 Or “columns [plumes] of smoke.” The Aramaic can be translated “the sweet smell of burning incense.” will appear. 20For the sun will be turned dark # 2:20 This could be a figure of speech similar to “Lights out on the old order.” The Aramaic is “The sun will be in mourning.” Perhaps this prophecy was fulfilled when Christ was crucified. and the moon blood-red before that great and awesome appearance of the day of the Lord. 21But everyone who calls on the name of the Lord # 2:21 The Aramaic can be translated “Whoever calls on the name of Jesus as the Messiah will receive life.” will be saved.’ ”
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Don’t yield to fear. I am the Beginning and I am the End, 18the Living One! I was dead, but now look—I am alive forever and ever. And I hold the keys # 1:18 Through the victory of Christ’s death and resurrection he now holds the keys of death and the unseen world. There is nothing to fear, for he holds all authority (keys). that unlock death and the unseen world. # 1:18 Or “Hades.” Originally used in Greek as the god of the underworld, Hades became identified simply with “the unseen world” (Aramaic for Hades) or “the place of the dead.” See A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature. 3rd ed. 19Now I want you to write what you have seen, # 1:19 The things John had seen includes the entire book of Revelation. The other two phrases, “what is” (the present situation) and “what comes” (coming trends), are included in all that John saw. In other words, all that John saw was meant for the present and the future. what is, and what comes after the things that I reveal to you. 20The mystery of the lampstands # 1:20 The lampstand becomes a powerful metaphor of the churches of Jesus. They burn, bringing light and illumination to the city as a witness of God’s glory (Matt. 5:14–16). It stood in the Holy Place, giving light for the priests to minister. Even with their problems these seven churches were “golden” (v. 12) in God’s eyes. and the seven stars is this: the seven lampstands are the seven churches, and the seven stars in my right hand are the seven messengers # 1:20 It is likely that these “messengers” represent the human leadership of the churches, who would be accountable to God to ensure that this message was presented to the churches. Heavenly angels would have no need for letters as a form of communication, nor would the reprimands in these letters apply to angels. See Beasley-Murray, Revelation, 69; Robert L. Thomas, Revelation 1–7 Exegetical Commentary and Revelation 8–22 Exegetical Commentary (Chicago: Moody Press, 1992), 1995; R. C. H. Lenski, The Interpretation of St. John’s Revelation, 1963. of the seven churches. # 1:20 The messages to the seven churches from Jesus Christ found in chs. 2–3 have at least four applications: (1) a local application to the specific cities and believers in the church; (2) to all the churches of all generations; (3) a prophetic application unveiling seven distinct phases of church history from the days of the apostle John until today; (4) a personal application to individual believers who have ears to hear what the Spirit is saying.
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17From now on, let no one cause me to suffer further, for I am carrying the very scars # 6:17 The Aramaic word for “scars” can also mean “death marks” or “stigmata.” of our Lord Jesus in my body. 18Finally my beloved ones—may the wonderful grace of our Lord Jesus, the Anointed One, be flowing in your spirit. # 6:18 Or “with your spirits.” See 2 Tim. 4:22. So shall it be!
In Messiah’s love,
Paul
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27“Even though I am torn within, and my soul is in turmoil, I will not ask the Father to rescue me from this hour of trial. For I have come to fulfill my purpose # 12:27 The Aramaic is translated “to fulfill this hour I have come.” —to offer myself to God. 28So, Father, bring glory to your name!” # 12:28 Some later manuscripts have “Father, bring glory to your Son.” One of the oldest manuscripts reads “Father, bring glory to your name with the glory that I had with you before the world was created.” The majority of reliable manuscripts have “Father, bring glory to your name.” Then suddenly a booming voice was heard from the sky,
“I have glorified my name! And I will glorify it through you again!”
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17Jesus carried his own cross out of the city to the place called “The Skull,” which in Aramaic is Golgotha. 18And there they nailed him to the cross. He was crucified, along with two others, one on each side with Jesus in the middle. 19-20Pilate had them post a sign over the cross, which was written in three languages—Aramaic, Latin, and Greek. Many of the people of Jerusalem read the sign, for he was crucified near the city. The sign stated: “Jesus of Nazareth, the King of the Jews.” # 19:19–20 Aramaic was the language of the common people in Israel. Hebrew ceased to be their spoken language after 450 BC, after the Jews returned from Babylon. Aramaic remained the language of Israel for nearly one thousand years. Latin was the official language of the Roman Empire. The inscription was also in Greek, for the Alexandrian Jews who had come to observe the Passover in Jerusalem would be unable to read Aramaic. The words were, “Jesus, the Nazarene, King of the Jews.” The first letters of each of the four words written on the sign in Aramaic (Hebrew) were: Y-H-W-H (Y’shua Hanozri Wumelech a Yehudim). To write these letters, YHWH (also known as the tetragrammaton), was the Hebrew form of writing the sacred name “Yahweh.” No wonder the chief priests were so offended by this sign and insisted that Pilate change it. This was a sign given to Israel, for over Jesus’ head on the cross was written, Y-H-W-H! God, the Savior, bled to death for you.
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4God-Enthroned # 2:4 The Aramaic is Maryah, the Aramaic form of YHWH or Lord Yahweh. merely laughs at them;
the Sovereign One mocks their madness!
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Genesis 18: XXX
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The Holy Bible, New King James Version, Copyright © 1982 Thomas Nelson. All rights reserved.
Genesis 18
18
1Ignore this; ensuring everything follows a verse.
341 PSA 9:16 1713 para(q1)|char(em)|STRING
16The Lord has made himself known;
he has executed justice,#Is 56:1
snaring the wicked
by the work of their hands.#Ps 3:7; Is 11:4Higgaion. Selah
342 MRK 16:8 1713 para(pc)|note(f)|char(ft)|char(em)|STRING
8They went out and ran from the tomb,#Jn 5:28 because trembling and astonishment overwhelmed them. And they said nothing to anyone,#Mk 1:44; 4:40 since they were afraid.
[Some of the earliest mss conclude with 16:8.]#16:8 Other mss include vv. 9–20 as a longer ending. The following shorter ending is found in some mss between v. 8 and v. 9 and in one ms after v. 8 (each of which omits vv. 9–20): And all that had been commanded to them they quickly reported to those around Peter. After these things, Jesus himself sent out through them from east to west, the holy and imperishable proclamation of eternal salvation. Amen.
The Longer Ending of Mark: Appearances of the Risen Lord
343 1CH 8:14 1713 para(li1)|note(f)|char(ft)|char(fv)|STRING
12Elpaal’s sons: Eber, Misham, and Shemed who built Ono and Lod and its surrounding villages, 13Beriah and Shema, who were the family heads of Aijalon’s residents and who drove out the residents of Gath, 14Ahio,#8:13–14 LXX reads Gath 14 and their brother Shashak, and Jeremoth.
344 PSA 6:1 73 para(d)|note(f)|char(ft)|char(xt)|STRING
1Ein Lied von David, mit einem tief gestimmten#6,1 Oder: achtsaitigen. – Das hebräische Wort ist nicht sicher zu deuten. So auch in Psalm 12,1. Saiteninstrument zu begleiten.
345 2CO 5:13 73 para(p)|note(f)|char(ft)|char(add)|STRING
12Das sage ich nun wirklich nicht, um für mich selbst zu werben. Ich will euch nur ein paar Gründe nennen, warum ihr stolz auf mich sein dürft. Dann könnt ihr sie denen entgegenhalten, für die äußere Vorzüge wichtiger sind als innere Überzeugung. 13Manche werfen uns vor, wir hätten uns bei euch so verhalten, als hätten wir den Verstand verloren. Wenn das der Fall war, geschah es zur Ehre Gottes.#5,13 Oder: Wenn wir, ergriffen von Gottes Geist, in Ekstase geraten, geschieht es zur Ehre Gottes. Und wenn wir jetzt bei klarem Verstand sind, dann kommt das euch zugute.
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13Für euch aber, vom Herrn geliebte Brüder und Schwestern, können wir Gott immer nur danken. Er hat euch von Anfang an dazu bestimmt, gerettet zu werden.#2,13 Oder nach anderen Handschriften: Er hat euch dazu bestimmt, die Erstlingsfrucht seiner neuen Schöpfung zu sein und gerettet zu werden. – Die Erstlingsfrüchte sind u.a. die ersten reifen Feldfrüchte. Sie wurden Gott geweiht. Zugleich sprechen sie von der Gewissheit, dass die volle Ernte bald eingebracht werden kann. Vgl. 3. Mose 23,10‒11. Und das werdet ihr, weil sein Geist euch hilft, ein Leben nach Gottes Willen zu führen, und weil ihr an die Wahrheit glaubt. 14Dazu seid ihr von Gott berufen durch die rettende Botschaft, die wir euch gebracht haben. Ihr sollt an der Herrlichkeit unseres Herrn Jesus Christus teilhaben. 15Bleibt also standhaft, liebe Brüder und Schwestern. Haltet euch an die Überlieferungen, die wir euch mündlich und schriftlich gelehrt haben.
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27Abiëser aus Anatot;
Sibbechai#23,27 So nach 1. Chronik 11,29 und der griechischen Übersetzung. Im hebräischen Text lautet der Name Mebunnai. aus Huscha;
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21Now, it is God himself who has anointed us. And he is constantly strengthening both you and us in union with Christ. 22He knows we are his since he has also stamped his seal of love # 1:22 The Greek word for seal is sphragizō. God has sealed believers with a seven-fold seal: (1) a seal of security, sealed tightly and kept secure in God’s love (Deut. 32:34; Job 14:17; Matt. 27:66), (2) a seal of authentication that marks us as God’s very own (1 Kings 21:8; Est. 8:10; John 6:27), (3) a seal to certify genuineness (Est. 8:8, 10; John 3:33), (4) a seal of ownership (Neh. 10:1; Jer. 32:44; 2 Cor. 1:22), (5) a seal of approval (Eph. 1:13–14), (6) a seal of righteousness (Rom. 4:11), and (7) a seal denoting a promise to be fulfilled (2 Cor. 5:5; Eph. 1:13–14; 4:30). The mark given by the beast is upon the forehead and hand, but the “seal” of Christ is over our hearts. Jesus, our Bridegroom, invites us to place him over our hearts like a fiery seal of love, the jealous flame of God that burns continually in our hearts (Song. 8:6). We are born of the Spirit, sealed with the Spirit, indwelt by the Spirit, baptized in the Spirit, filled with the Spirit, made one (unity) in the Spirit, given gifts of the Spirit, and given ministries by the Spirit. He is a promise, a seal, and a guarantee of receiving our full inheritance. The Greek word for “down payment” is arrabōn and is used in Greek culture for “engagement ring.” Notice in vv. 21–22 that the Trinity (Father, Son, and Holy Spirit) is involved in bringing all this to pass. over our hearts and has given us the Holy Spirit like an engagement ring is given to a bride—a down payment of the blessings to come!
A Change in Paul’s Travel Plans
349 2CO 6:2 1849 para(q1)|note(f)|char(xt)|STRING
1Now, since we are God’s coworkers, we beg you not to take God’s marvelous grace for granted, allowing it to have no effect on your lives. # 6:1 Or “not to receive God’s grace in vain.” 2For he says,
I listened to you at the time of my favor.
And the day when you needed salvation,
I came to your aid. # 6:2 See Isa. 49:8.
350 JHN 1:14 1849 para(q2)|note(f)|char(it)|STRING
14And so the Living Expression
became a man # 1:14 Or “became visible.” and lived among us! # 1:14 Or “live within us.” This is the fulfillment of Isa. 7:14. The “God with us” is Jesus Christ our Immanuel. He is among us in that he is in human form, and is still in human form within the Trinity eternally. The Greek and Aramaic can be translated “he pitched his tent among us.” John’s wording takes us back into the book of Exodus where: (1) God came down and lived in the tent (tabernacle) in the wilderness (Ex. 25:8). (2) God revealed his glory in the pillar of fire and cloud (Ex. 40:38). (3) God identified himself as the One and Only (“I am Yahweh your God . . . You may have no gods other than me,” [Ex. 20:2; Deut. 6:4]). (4) God proclaimed his wrap-around love (Ex. 34:6).
We gazed upon his glory, # 1:14 The Aramaic is “We gazed upon his preciousness.” John gazed upon Jesus’ unveiled glory on the Mount of Transfiguration (Matt. 17:1–8).
the glory of the One and Only # 1:14 The Aramaic is “Unique and Beloved Son.” The Greek word, monogenes, means “of a single [mono] kind [genes].” This word is also used for Isaac in Heb. 11:17 as Abraham’s uniquely precious son, but not his only one.
who came from the Father overflowing
with tender mercy # 1:14 The Aramaic word, taybootha, means “loving kindness or goodness.” The Greek word is charis, which can also be translated, “grace, favor, sweetness, pleasure or delight.” This translation has combined all those concepts in the words tender mercy. Truly, Jesus Christ is full of everything that our hearts crave. and truth!
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2Listen to how they whisper their slander against me, saying:
“Look! He’s hopeless! Even God can’t save him from this!”
Pause in his presence # 3:2 This is the Hebrew word Selah, a puzzling word to translate. Most scholars believe it is a musical term for pause or rest. It is used seventy-one times in the Psalms as an instruction to the music leader to pause and ponder in God’s presence. An almost identical word, Sela, means “a massive rock cliff.” It is said that when Selah is spoken, the words are carved in stone in the throne room of the heavens.
The Help of God
352 2CO 4:6 1849 para(mi)|note(f)|char(xt)|STRING
5We don’t preach ourselves, but rather the lordship of Jesus Christ, for we are your servants for Jesus’ sake. 6For God, who said,
“Let brilliant light shine out of darkness,” # 4:6 Paul helps us to understand that “light” is both literal and a metaphor for spiritual revelation, and shows that the creation narrative provides us with an allegory pointing to the experience of new birth in Christ. See Gen. 1:3; Isa. 9:2.
is the one who has cascaded his light into us—the brilliant dawning light of the glorious knowledge of God as we gaze into the face of Jesus Christ. # 4:6 Or “in the face-to-face presence of Christ.”
Treasure in Clay Jars
353 JHN 1:2 1849 para(q1)|note(f)|char(it)|STRING
2They were together—face-to-face, # 1:2 The Greek word used here and the Hebraic concept conveyed is that of being before God’s face. There is no Hebrew word for “presence” (i.e., the “presence” of God), only the word “face.” in the very beginning. # 1:2 Both Gen. 1:1 and John 1:1–2 speak of the beginning. In Genesis Moses spoke of the beginning of time, but John speaks of eternity past, a beginning before time existed. The Living Expression is Christ who existed eternally as part of the Trinity. He has no beginning, being one with the Father.
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5Jerusalem maidens, in this twilight darkness # 1:5 Or “black.” The Hebrew root word used here for “black” or “dark” means “twilight darkness” or “morning gray.”
I know I am so unworthy—so in need.
The Shepherd-King
Yet you are so lovely!
The Shulamite
I feel as dark and dry as the desert tents
of the wandering nomads. # 1:5 Literally “dark as the tent curtains of Kedar.” There is a wordplay in the Hebrew, as the word Kedar means “a dark one” or “a dark place.” This was the name of one of the sons of Ishmael and represents our old Adam-life. See Ps. 120:5.
The Shepherd-King
Yet you are so lovely—
like the fine linen tapestry hanging in the Holy Place.
The Shulamite to Her Friends
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17‘This is what I will do in the last days # 2:17 The New Testament term “the last days” began at Pentecost and extends until the return of Christ. We have technically been in “the last days” for over two thousand years. —I will pour out # 2:17 Or “gush forth,” or “run greedily.” The Aramaic can be translated “I will be splashing my Spirit-Wind over all flesh” (humanity). my Spirit on everybody and cause your sons and daughters to prophesy, and your young men will see visions, # 2:17 Or “divinely appointed appearances.” The Greek word for “visions,” horasis, can also mean “our eyes opened to have divine encounters and see into the spiritual realm.” These are not daydreams but visions of the heavenly realm. (See Strong’s Concordance, Gr. 3700 and 3706.) and your old men will experience dreams from God. # 2:17 This verse can be translated from the Aramaic as “Your grandparents shall see visions and your priests shall dream dreams.” 18The Holy Spirit will come upon all my servants, men and women alike, and they will prophesy. 19I will reveal startling signs and wonders in the sky above and mighty miracles on the earth below. Blood and fire and pillars of clouds # 2:19 Or “columns [plumes] of smoke.” The Aramaic can be translated “the sweet smell of burning incense.” will appear. 20For the sun will be turned dark # 2:20 This could be a figure of speech similar to “Lights out on the old order.” The Aramaic is “The sun will be in mourning.” Perhaps this prophecy was fulfilled when Christ was crucified. and the moon blood-red before that great and awesome appearance of the day of the Lord. 21But everyone who calls on the name of the Lord # 2:21 The Aramaic can be translated “Whoever calls on the name of Jesus as the Messiah will receive life.” will be saved.’ ”
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Don’t yield to fear. I am the Beginning and I am the End, 18the Living One! I was dead, but now look—I am alive forever and ever. And I hold the keys # 1:18 Through the victory of Christ’s death and resurrection he now holds the keys of death and the unseen world. There is nothing to fear, for he holds all authority (keys). that unlock death and the unseen world. # 1:18 Or “Hades.” Originally used in Greek as the god of the underworld, Hades became identified simply with “the unseen world” (Aramaic for Hades) or “the place of the dead.” See A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature. 3rd ed. 19Now I want you to write what you have seen, # 1:19 The things John had seen includes the entire book of Revelation. The other two phrases, “what is” (the present situation) and “what comes” (coming trends), are included in all that John saw. In other words, all that John saw was meant for the present and the future. what is, and what comes after the things that I reveal to you. 20The mystery of the lampstands # 1:20 The lampstand becomes a powerful metaphor of the churches of Jesus. They burn, bringing light and illumination to the city as a witness of God’s glory (Matt. 5:14–16). It stood in the Holy Place, giving light for the priests to minister. Even with their problems these seven churches were “golden” (v. 12) in God’s eyes. and the seven stars is this: the seven lampstands are the seven churches, and the seven stars in my right hand are the seven messengers # 1:20 It is likely that these “messengers” represent the human leadership of the churches, who would be accountable to God to ensure that this message was presented to the churches. Heavenly angels would have no need for letters as a form of communication, nor would the reprimands in these letters apply to angels. See Beasley-Murray, Revelation, 69; Robert L. Thomas, Revelation 1–7 Exegetical Commentary and Revelation 8–22 Exegetical Commentary (Chicago: Moody Press, 1992), 1995; R. C. H. Lenski, The Interpretation of St. John’s Revelation, 1963. of the seven churches. # 1:20 The messages to the seven churches from Jesus Christ found in chs. 2–3 have at least four applications: (1) a local application to the specific cities and believers in the church; (2) to all the churches of all generations; (3) a prophetic application unveiling seven distinct phases of church history from the days of the apostle John until today; (4) a personal application to individual believers who have ears to hear what the Spirit is saying.
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17From now on, let no one cause me to suffer further, for I am carrying the very scars # 6:17 The Aramaic word for “scars” can also mean “death marks” or “stigmata.” of our Lord Jesus in my body. 18Finally my beloved ones—may the wonderful grace of our Lord Jesus, the Anointed One, be flowing in your spirit. # 6:18 Or “with your spirits.” See 2 Tim. 4:22. So shall it be!
In Messiah’s love,
Paul
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27“Even though I am torn within, and my soul is in turmoil, I will not ask the Father to rescue me from this hour of trial. For I have come to fulfill my purpose # 12:27 The Aramaic is translated “to fulfill this hour I have come.” —to offer myself to God. 28So, Father, bring glory to your name!” # 12:28 Some later manuscripts have “Father, bring glory to your Son.” One of the oldest manuscripts reads “Father, bring glory to your name with the glory that I had with you before the world was created.” The majority of reliable manuscripts have “Father, bring glory to your name.” Then suddenly a booming voice was heard from the sky,
“I have glorified my name! And I will glorify it through you again!”
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17Jesus carried his own cross out of the city to the place called “The Skull,” which in Aramaic is Golgotha. 18And there they nailed him to the cross. He was crucified, along with two others, one on each side with Jesus in the middle. 19-20Pilate had them post a sign over the cross, which was written in three languages—Aramaic, Latin, and Greek. Many of the people of Jerusalem read the sign, for he was crucified near the city. The sign stated: “Jesus of Nazareth, the King of the Jews.” # 19:19–20 Aramaic was the language of the common people in Israel. Hebrew ceased to be their spoken language after 450 BC, after the Jews returned from Babylon. Aramaic remained the language of Israel for nearly one thousand years. Latin was the official language of the Roman Empire. The inscription was also in Greek, for the Alexandrian Jews who had come to observe the Passover in Jerusalem would be unable to read Aramaic. The words were, “Jesus, the Nazarene, King of the Jews.” The first letters of each of the four words written on the sign in Aramaic (Hebrew) were: Y-H-W-H (Y’shua Hanozri Wumelech a Yehudim). To write these letters, YHWH (also known as the tetragrammaton), was the Hebrew form of writing the sacred name “Yahweh.” No wonder the chief priests were so offended by this sign and insisted that Pilate change it. This was a sign given to Israel, for over Jesus’ head on the cross was written, Y-H-W-H! God, the Savior, bled to death for you.
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4God-Enthroned # 2:4 The Aramaic is Maryah, the Aramaic form of YHWH or Lord Yahweh. merely laughs at them;
the Sovereign One mocks their madness!
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The Holy Bible, New King James Version, Copyright © 1982 Thomas Nelson. All rights reserved.